It sounds like the stuff of science fiction: a man-made crystal that can be
attached to antibodies and then supercharge them with potent drugs or
imaging agents that can seek out diseased cells with the highest precision,
resulting in fewer adverse effects for the patient.
However, that is precisely what researchers from the Australian Centre for
Blood Diseases at Monash University in collaboration with the TU Graz
(Austria) have developed: the world's first metal-organic framework (MOFs)
antibody-drug delivery system that has the potential to fast-track potent
new therapies for cancer, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases.
The in vitro study showed that when MOF antibody crystals bind to their
target cancer cells and if exposed to the low pH in the cells, they break
down, delivering the drugs directly and solely to the desired area.
The metal-organic framework, a mixture of metal (zinc) and carbonate ions,
and a small organic molecule (an imidazole, a colorless solid compound that
is soluble in water) not only keeps the payload attached to the antibody but
can also acts as a reservoir of personalized therapeutics. This is a benefit
with the potential to become a new medical tool to target specific diseases
with customized drugs and optimized doses.
The findings are now published in the journal Advanced Materials.
Co-senior author Professor Christoph Hagemeyer, Head of the
NanoBiotechnology Laboratory at the Australian Centre for Blood Diseases,
Monash University, says while more funding is needed to take the research
into the next phase and to patients, the new method is cheaper, faster and
more versatile than anything available currently.
"The method offers the opportunity to personalize treatment and given the
precision possible, may eventually change the current dosage needed for
patients, resulting in fewer side effects and making treatments cheaper,"
said Professor Hagemeyer.
Co-first author Dr. Karen Alt, Head of the Nano Theranostics Laboratory at
the Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, says that "with
just 0.01 per cent of chemotherapy currently reaching the cancer tissue,
this revolutionary new method can boost the potency of the drugs reaching
their target."
"With over 80 different monoclonal antibodies approved for clinical use,
this approach has enormous potential to improve these antibodies for the
targeted delivery of diagnostic agents and therapeutic drugs. The goal is
that ultimately the clinical translation of this technology will improve the
quality of life for patients suffering from serious diseases," said Dr. Alt.
Reference:
Karen Alt et al, Self‐Assembly of Oriented Antibody‐Decorated Metal‐Organic
Framework Nanocrystals for Active Targeting Applications, Advanced Materials
(2021).
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106607
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